<html><head></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; ">Requirements Engineering Journal<br><a href="http://www.springer.com/computer/swe/journal/766">http://www.springer.com/computer/swe/journal/766</a><div><br>Published Quarterly in Print and Electronically<br>ISSN: 0947-3602<br>Published by Springer</div><div>ISI Impact Factor: 1.625</div><div><br></div><div><!--StartFragment--><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">PAPER 1: Visual syntax does matter: improving
the cognitive effectiveness of the i* visual notation<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">AUTHORS: Daniel L. Moody • Patrick Heymans •
Raimundas Matulevičius<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">ABSTRACT: Goal-oriented modelling is one of the
most important research developments in the requirements engineering (RE)
field. This paper conducts a systematic analysis of the visual syntax of i*,
one of the leading goaloriented languages. Like most RE notations, i* is highly
visual. Yet surprisingly, there has been little debate about or modification to
its graphical conventions since it was proposed more than a decade ago. We
evaluate the i* visual notation using a set of principles for designing
cognitively effective visual notations (the Physics of Notations). The analysis
reveals some serious flaws in the notation together with some practical
recommendations for improvement. The results can be used to improve its
effectiveness in practice, particularly for communicating with end users. A
broader goal of the paper is to raise awareness about the importance of visual
representation in RE research, which has historically received little
attention.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">Keywords : Goal modelling _ i* _
Visualisation _ Visual syntax _ Evaluation _ Visual notation _ Visual language<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://www.springerlink.com/content/2p58r27100r172g6/fulltext.pdf"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">http://www.springerlink.com/content/2p58r27100r172g6/fulltext.pdf</span></a></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">PAPER 2: RELAX: a language to address
uncertainty in self-adaptive systems requirement<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">AUTHORS: Jon Whittle • Pete Sawyer • Nelly
Bencomo • Betty H. C. Cheng • Jean-Michel Bruel<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">ABSTRACT: Self-adaptive systems have the
capability to autonomously modify their behavior at run-time in response to
changes in their environment. Self-adaptation is particularly<span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>necessary for applications that must
run continuously, even under adverse conditions and changing requirements;
sample domains include automotive systems, telecommunications, and
environmental monitoring systems. While a few techniques have been developed to
support the monitoring and analysis of requirements for adaptive systems,
limited attention has been paid to the actual creation and specification of
requirements of self-adaptive systems. As a result, self adaptivity is often
constructed in an ad-hoc manner. In order to support the rigorous specification
of adaptive systems requirements, this paper introduces RELAX, a new
requirements language for self-adaptive systems that explicitly addresses
uncertainty inherent in adaptive systems. We present the formal semantics for
RELAX in terms of fuzzy logic, thus enabling a rigorous treatment of requirements
that include uncertainty. RELAX enables developers to identify uncertainty in
the requirements, thereby facilitating the design of systems that are, by
definition, more flexible and amenable to adaptation in a systematic fashion.
We illustrate the use of RELAX on smart home applications, including an
adaptive assisted living system.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"">Keywords : Adaptive systems _ Requirements engineering _
Fuzzy logic _ Smart homes _ Uncertainty<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://www.springerlink.com/content/f3502m7882822411/fulltext.pdf"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">http://www.springerlink.com/content/f3502m7882822411/fulltext.pdf</span></a></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><o:p> </o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify">PAPER 3: <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Modeling and detecting semantic-based interactions in
aspect-oriented scenarios</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">AUTHORS: Gunter Mussbacher • Jon Whittle •
Daniel Amyot<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">ABSTRACT: Interactions between dependent or
conflicting aspects are a well-known problem with aspect-oriented development
(as well as related paradigms). These interactions are potentially dangerous
and can lead to unexpected or incorrect results when aspects are composed. To
date, the majority of aspect interaction detection methods either have been
based on purely syntactic comparisons or have relied on heavyweight formal
methods. We present a new approach that is based instead on lightweight
semantic annotations of aspects. Each aspect is annotated with domain-specific
markers and a separate influence model describes how semantic markers from
different domains influence each other. Automated analysis can then be used
both to highlight semantic aspect conflicts and to trade-off aspects. We apply
this technique to early aspects, namely, aspect scenarios, because it is
desirable to detect aspect interactions as early in the software lifecycle as
possible. We evaluate the technique using two case studies—one from industry
and one posed as a challenge problem by the community—and show that the
technique detects interactions that cannot be discovered using syntactic
techniques. In addition, we show that the technique can apply to many languages
through the use of different aspect-oriented<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">Keywords : Aspects _ Goal-oriented Requirement
Language _ Interaction detection _ Semantic interactions _ MATA _ Sequence
diagrams _ UML _ User Requirements Notation _ Aspect-oriented Use Case Maps<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://www.springerlink.com/content/n6516567v8457np2/fulltext.pdf"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">http://www.springerlink.com/content/n6516567v8457np2/fulltext.pdf</span></a></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><o:p> </o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">PAPER 4: A controlled experiment to assess the
impact of system architectures on new system requirements</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">AUTHORS: Remo Ferrari • James A. Miller • Nazim
H. Madhavji<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">ABSTRACT: While much research attention has been
paid to transitioning from requirements to software architectures, relatively
little attention has been paid to how new requirements are affected by an
existing system architecture. Specifically, no scientific studies have been
conducted on the ‘‘characteristic’’ differences between the newly elicited
requirements gathered in the presence or absence of an existing software
architecture. This paper describes an exploratory controlled study
investigating such requirements characteristics. We identify a multitude of
characteristics (e.g., end-user focus, technological focus, and importance)
that were affected by the presence or absence of an SA, together with the
extent of this effect. Furthermore, we identify the specific aspects of the
architecture that had an impact on the characteristics. The study results have
implications for RE process engineering, postrequirements analysis,
requirements engineering tools, traceability management, and future empirical
work in RE based on several emergent hypotheses resultant from this study.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"">Keywords : Requirements engineering _ Software architecture
_ Empirical study _ Controlled study _Software engineering _ Software process<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://www.springerlink.com/content/7728g351m855kwg6/fulltext.pdf"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">http://www.springerlink.com/content/7728g351m855kwg6/fulltext.pdf</span></a></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><o:p> </o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">PAPER 5: </font><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Deconstructing the semantics of
big-step modelling languages</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">AUTHORS: Shahram Esmaeilsabzali • Nancy A. Day •
Joanne M. Atlee • Jianwei Niu<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">ABSTRACT: With the popularity of model-driven
methodologies and the abundance of modelling languages, a major question for a
requirements engineer is: which language is suitable for modelling a system
under study? We address this question from a semantic point-of-view for
big-step modelling languages (BSMLs). BSMLs are a class of popular behavioural
modelling languages in which a model can respond to an input by executing
multiple transitions, possibly concurrently. We deconstruct the operational semantics
of a large class of BSMLs into eight high-level, mostly orthogonal semantic
aspects and their common semantic options. We analyse the characteristics of
each semantic option. We use feature diagrams to present the design space of
BSML semantics that arises from our deconstruction, as well as to taxonomize
the syntactic features of BSMLs that exhibit semantic variations. We enumerate
the dependencies between syntactic and semantic features. We also discuss the
effects of certain combinations of semantic options when used together in a BSML
semantics. Our goal is to empower a requirements engineer to compare and choose
an appropriate BSML from the plethora of existing BSMLs, or to articulate the semantic
features of a new desired BSML when such a BSML does not exist.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">Keywords: </font><span style="line-height: 115%; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">Big-step modelling languages </font></span><span style="line-height: 115%; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">_ </font></span><span style="line-height: 115%; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">Semantics of modelling languages </font></span><span style="line-height: 115%; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">_ </font></span><span style="line-height: 115%; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">Model-driven development </font></span><span style="line-height: 115%; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">_ </font></span><span style="line-height: 115%; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">Domain-specific modelling languages </font></span><span style="line-height: 115%; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">_
</font></span><span style="line-height: 115%; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">Statecharts </font></span><span style="line-height: 115%; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">_</font></span><span style="line-height: 115%; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'">UML StateMachines</font></span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify"><a href="http://www.springerlink.com/content/p54m02g874339734/fulltext.pdf"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">http://www.springerlink.com/content/p54m02g874339734/fulltext.pdf</span></a><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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"><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; "><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 13px; "><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: normal; ">__________________________</span></b></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; "><b><font color="black"><span style="color: black; font-weight: bold; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px; ">Pericles Loucopoulos</span></font><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></span></font></b></div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; 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"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px; ">Business School</span></font><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; "><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placename w:st="on"><font color="black"><span style="color: black; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px; ">Loughborough</span></font></span></font></st1:placename><font color="black"><span style="color: black; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px; "> </span></font><st1:placetype w:st="on"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px; ">University</span></font></st1:placetype></span></font></st1:place><font color="black"><span style="color: black; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; "><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:city w:st="on"><font color="black"><span style="color: black; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px; ">Loughborough</span></font></span></font></st1:city><font color="black"><span style="color: black; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px; ">, </span></font><st1:postalcode w:st="on"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px; ">LE11 3TU</span></font></st1:postalcode></span></font></st1:place><font color="black"><span style="color: black; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; "><font color="black"><span style="color: black; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px; ">United Kingdom</span></font><o:p></o:p></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size="2" color="black" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; "> <o:p></o:p></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px; ">Tel: +44 (0)1509 22 8273<br>Fax: +44 (0)1509 22 3962<br>email: </span></font><a href="mailto:p.loucopoulos@lboro.ac.uk"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px; ">p.loucopoulos@lboro.ac.uk</span></font></a><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px; "><br>web: </span></font><a href="http://www-staff.lboro.ac.uk/~bspl"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px; ">http://www-staff.lboro.ac.uk/~bspl</span></font></a></div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><font class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Tahoma; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; 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It is intended solely for the addressee. Access to this email by anyone else is unauthorised. If you are not the intended recipient, any disclosure, copying, distribution or any action taken or omitted to be taken in reliance on it, is prohibited and may be unlawful.</span></font></div></span></span></font></font></div></span></span></font></div></div></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></div></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div></span>
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