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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" color="black" face="Tahoma"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black">Very interesting story about higher education in the USA
</span></font><font color="black" face="Tahoma"><span style="font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black">from 5-April’s
<i><span style="font-style:italic">Wall Street Journal</span></i> </span></font><font color="black" face="Tahoma"><span style="font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black">…<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" color="black" face="Tahoma"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" color="black" face="Tahoma"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black">Best wishes,<br>
Leon Kappelman<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p><span class="body"><b><font size="2" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold">“</span></font></b></span><span class="huge"><b><font size="2"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold">We must, indeed, all hang together
or, most assuredly, we shall all hang separately.” – </span></font></b></span><span class="bodybold"><b><font size="2"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-weight:bold">Benjamin Franklin
<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="1" color="black" face="Tahoma"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black">----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br>
</span></font><font size="1" color="black" face="Tahoma"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black">Leon A. Kappelman, Ph.D.
<br>
Professor of Information Systems <br>
Director Emeritus, Information Systems Research Center<br>
Fellow, Texas Center for Digital Knowledge<br>
College of Business, University of North Texas<br>
Voice: 940-565-4698 Email: </span></font><font size="2" color="black" face="Calibri"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"><a href="mailto:kapp@unt.edu"><font size="1" face="Tahoma"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">kapp@unt.edu</span></font></a></span></font><font size="1" color="black" face="Tahoma"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black"><br>
</span></font><font size="1" color="black" face="Tahoma"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black">----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</span></font><font size="1" color="black" face="Tahoma"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black"><br>
</span></font><font size="1" color="#1c7c00" face="Tahoma"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:#1C7C00">Please consider the environment before printing this e-mail</span></font><font size="1" color="#006666" face="Tahoma"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:#006666"> </span></font><font size="2" color="black" face="Tahoma"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" color="black" face="Calibri"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2" color="black" face="Calibri"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="3" color="black" face="Tahoma"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<div style="border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.25in"><b><font size="2" face="Tahoma"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";font-weight:bold">Sent:</span></font></b><font size="2" face="Tahoma"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">
Sunday, April 07, 2013 5:18 PM<br>
<b><span style="font-weight:bold">Subject:</span></b> Fw: The Golf Shot Heard Round the World<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<blockquote style="border:none;border-left:solid #1010FF 1.5pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 4.0pt;margin-left:3.75pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-right:.5in;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:9.5pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2">
<![if !supportLists]><font size="5" face="Symbol"><span style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore"><img width="19" height="19" src="cid:image001.gif@01CE33BB.C7F646F0" alt="*"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></font></span></span></font><![endif]><font size="5"><span style="font-size:16.0pt">The Wall Street Journal<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-right:.5in;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:9.5pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2">
<![if !supportLists]><font size="3" face="Symbol"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore"><img width="13" height="13" src="cid:image001.gif@01CE33BB.C7F646F0" alt="*"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></font></span></span></font><![endif]><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;margin-right:.5in;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:9.5pt;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo2">
<![if !supportLists]><font size="3" face="Symbol"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol"><span style="mso-list:Ignore"><img width="13" height="13" src="cid:image001.gif@01CE33BB.C7F646F0" alt="*"><font size="1" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></font></span></span></font><![endif]><font color="black"><span style="color:black"><img border="0" width="1" height="1" id="Picture_x0020_12" src="cid:image002.gif@01CE33B9.98B8B050" alt="The Wall Street Journal"><img border="0" width="1" height="1" id="Picture_x0020_11" src="cid:image002.gif@01CE33B9.98B8B050" alt="The Wall Street Journal"></span></font><a href="http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887324100904578404502145771288.html">http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887324100904578404502145771288.html</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:.25in">
<font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">April 5, 2013, 7:18 p.m. ET<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><b><font size="6" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:24.0pt;font-weight:bold">The Golf Shot Heard Round the Academic World
<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><b><font size="5" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:18.0pt;font-weight:bold">The tale of a teed-off philanthropist and the head of Bowdoin College, where identity politics
runs wild.<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><b><font size="4" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-weight:bold">By
<a href="http://online.wsj.com/SEARCH/TERM.HTML?KEYWORDS=DAVID+FEITH&BYLINESEARCH=TRUE">
DAVID FEITH</a> <o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">It sounds like the setup for a bad joke: What did the Wall Street type say to the college president on the golf
course? Well, we don't know exactly—but it has launched a saga with weighty implications for American intellectual and civic life.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Here's what we do know: One day in the summer of 2010, Barry Mills, the president of Bowdoin College, a respected
liberal-arts school in Brunswick, Maine, met investor and philanthropist Thomas Klingenstein for a round of golf about an hour north of campus. College presidents spend many of their waking hours talking to potential donors. In this case, the two men spoke
about college life—especially "diversity"—and the conversation made such an impression on President Mills that he cited it weeks later in his convocation address to Bowdoin's freshman class. That's where the dispute begins.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">In his address, President Mills described the golf outing and said he had been interrupted in the middle of
a swing by a fellow golfer's announcement: "I would never support Bowdoin—you are a ridiculous liberal school that brings all the wrong students to campus for all the wrong reasons," said the other golfer, in Mr. Mills's telling. During Mr. Mills's next swing,
he recalled, the man blasted Bowdoin's "misplaced and misguided diversity efforts." At the end of the round, the college president told the students, "I walked off the course in despair."<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Word of the speech soon got to Mr. Klingenstein. Even though he hadn't been named in the Mills account, Mr.
Klingenstein took to the pages of the Claremont Review of Books to call it nonsense: "He didn't like my views, so he turned me into a backswing interrupting, Bowdoin-hating boor who wants to return to the segregated days of Jim Crow."
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">The campus of Bowdoin College in Brunswick, Maine<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">The real story, wrote Mr. Klingenstein, was that "I explained my disapproval of 'diversity' as it generally
has been implemented on college campuses: too much celebration of racial and ethnic difference," coupled with "not enough celebration of our common American identity."<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">For this, wrote Mr. Klingenstein, Bowdoin's president insinuated that he was a racist. And President Mills did
so, moreover, in an address that purported to stress the need for respecting the opinions of others across the political spectrum. "We are, in the main, a place of liberal political persuasion," he told the students, but "we must be willing to entertain diverse
perspectives throughout our community. . . . Diversity of ideas at all levels of the college is crucial for our credibility and for our educational mission." Wrote Mr. Klingenstein: "Would it be uncharitable to suggest that, in a speech calling for more sensitivity
to conservative views, he might have shown some?"<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">After the essay appeared, President Mills stood by his version of events. A few months later, Mr. Klingenstein
decided to do something surprising: He commissioned researchers to examine Bowdoin's commitment to intellectual diversity, rigorous academics and civic identity. This week, some 18 months and hundreds of pages of documentation later, the project is complete.
Its picture of Bowdoin isn't pretty.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Funded by Mr. Klingenstein, researchers from the National Association of Scholars studied speeches by Bowdoin
presidents and deans, formal statements of the college's principles, official faculty reports and notes of faculty meetings, academic course lists and syllabi, books and articles by professors, the archive of the Bowdoin Orient newspaper and more. They analyzed
the school's history back to its founding in 1794, focusing on the past 45 years—during which, they argue, Bowdoin's character changed dramatically for the worse.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Published Wednesday, the report demonstrates how Bowdoin has become an intellectual monoculture dedicated above
all to identity politics.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">The school's ideological pillars would likely be familiar to anyone who has paid attention to American higher
education lately. There's the obsession with race, class, gender and sexuality as the essential forces of history and markers of political identity. There's the dedication to "sustainability," or saving the planet from its imminent destruction by the forces
of capitalism. And there are the paeans to "global citizenship," or loving all countries except one's own.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">The Klingenstein report nicely captures the illiberal or fallacious aspects of this campus doctrine, but the
paper's true contribution is in recording some of its absurd manifestations at Bowdoin. For example, the college has "no curricular requirements that center on the American founding or the history of the nation." Even history majors aren't required to take
a single course in American history. In the History Department, no course is devoted to American political, military, diplomatic or intellectual history—the only ones available are organized around some aspect of race, class, gender or sexuality.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">One of the few requirements is that Bowdoin students take a yearlong freshman seminar. Some of the 37 seminars
offered this year: "Affirmative Action and U.S. Society," "Fictions of Freedom," "Racism," "Queer Gardens" (which "examines the work of gay and lesbian gardeners and traces how marginal identities find expression in specific garden spaces"), "Sexual Life of
Colonialism" and "Modern Western Prostitutes."<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Regarding Bowdoin professors, the report estimates that "four or five out of approximately 182 full-time faculty
members might be described as politically conservative." In the 2012 election cycle, 100% of faculty donations went to President Obama. Not that any of this matters if you have ever asked around the faculty lounge.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">"A political imbalance [among faculty] was no more significant than having an imbalance between Red Sox and
Yankee fans," sniffed Henry C.W. Laurence, a Bowdoin professor of government, in 2004. He added that the suggestion that liberal professors cannot fairly reflect conservative views in classroom discussions is "intellectually bankrupt, professionally insulting
and, fortunately, wildly inaccurate." <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Perhaps so. But he'd have a stronger case if, for example, his colleague Marc Hetherington hadn't written the
same year in Bowdoin's newspaper that liberal professors outnumber conservatives because conservatives don't "place the same emphasis on the accumulation of knowledge that liberals do."<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">In publishing these and other gems, Mr. Klingenstein and the National Association of Scholars hope to encourage
alumni and trustees to push aggressively for reforms. They don't call for the kind of conservative affirmative action seen at the University of Colorado, which recently created a visiting professorship exclusively for right-wingers. Rather, Mr. Klingenstein
and the NAS want schools nationwide to stop "silent discrimination against conservatives." Good luck.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">In case you're wondering, Bowdoin's official statement on this week's report amounted to little more than a
shrug. A serious response would begin with inviting Mr. Klingenstein to campus for a public debate with President Mills. No golf clubs allowed.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><i><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-style:italic">Mr. Feith is an assistant editorial features editor at the Journal.</span></font></i>
<o:p></o:p></p>
</blockquote>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">A version of this article appeared April 6, 2013, on page A11 in the U.S. edition of The Wall Street Journal,
with the headline: The Golf Shot Heard Round the Academic World.</span></font><font size="2" face="Calibri"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif""><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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