<html><head><style type='text/css'>p { margin: 0; }</style></head><body><div style='font-family: times new roman,new york,times,serif; font-size: 12pt; color: #000000'><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
 <o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
  <o:AllowPNG/>
 </o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]-->

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0in;text-align:center;
text-indent:0in;line-height:150%" align="center"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB">CALL
FOR PAPERS</span></b></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:150%"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB">Special Issue:</span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal">Political Aspects of On-line Education</b></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:150%"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB"> </span></b></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:150%"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB">SUBMISSION DUE DATE: </span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB">15
May 2015</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:150%"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB">PUBLICATION: </span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB">International
Journal of E-Politics<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"> </b></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:150%"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB"> </span></b></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:150%"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB">OBJECTIVE OF THE THEMED
ISSUE:</span></b></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-indent:0in;
line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB">This special issue invites submissions related
to the Political Aspects of On-line Education. For this special issue, online
education generally references any web-based learning, including for credit and
non-credit classes, offered by public and private, for profit and not for
profit institutions. Thus, appropriate articles may reference wholly online or
hybrid offerings, be they free (e.g., MOOCs), or not free.</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-indent:0in;
line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB"> </span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-indent:0in;
line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB">Regardless of the specific offering, on-line
education is a disruptive technology that makes education widely accessible
(Smith, 2014).This impacts the Higher Education industry, global economies and
society in general.<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">  </span>Higher Education is
integral to productivity and innovation, at individual and collective
levels.<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">  </span>Thus, education’s shift away
from scarcity affects the differential earnings and influence of individuals,
organizations, governments and alliances.<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> 
</span>Online education impacts (push), and is impacted by (pull), (c.f., Seely
Brown & Adler, 2008), such shifting power structures and globalization.</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-indent:0in;
line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB"> </span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0in;text-align:justify;text-indent:0in;
line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB">This special issue’s objective is to explore
online education’s impact on, and its political implications for, various
levels and scales, including individual, regulatory, social and cultural. These
implications are on and between individuals, within and between organizations,
and within and between governments, and combinations of these.</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:150%"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB"> </span></b></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:150%"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB"><span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span></span></b></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB">We
are interested in topics that include (but are not limited to) the following:</span></p>

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;
mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol" lang="EN-GB"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">        
</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB">Accreditation,
Regulation, Federal Financial Aid</span></p>

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;
mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol" lang="EN-GB"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">        
</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB">Impact
on organizational and industry structure within the Higher Education industry</span></p>

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;
mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol" lang="EN-GB"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">        
</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB">Strategic
implications/ opportunities/ challenges/ prescriptions for traditional and
online, public and private Higher Education organizations </span></p>

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;
mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol" lang="EN-GB"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">        
</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB">Shifting
higher education business models’ impacts (e.g., economic, social,
psychological) on administrator, faculty, staff and student roles and power,
e.g., implications of adjunctification’s un-bundling of work (course design,
seminars, grading, mentoring, advising, governance, research, service, etc.). </span></p>

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;
mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol" lang="EN-GB"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">        
</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB">Implications
from shifting cross-subsidies associated with new models (e.g., large
lower-level introduction courses subsidize small upper-level specialized
courses –what happens when the introductory courses are waived in
competency-based scenarios or MOOCs are accepted for credit?).</span></p>

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;
mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol" lang="EN-GB"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">        
</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB">Power
issues associated with shifting education models, e.g., competency based
degrees, MOOCs, hybrid programs, etc. Who wins, who loses? What potential
strategies exist for students, faculty, entrants and incumbents?</span></p>

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;
mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol" lang="EN-GB"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">        
</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB">“The
next billion”—i.e., online education’s potential to efficiently educate
financially- and/or technologically-challenged students, both in developed and
developing regions.<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">  </span>To what extent is
this happening? What are the political implications of this flattening of
opportunity?<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">  </span>What policies/ strategies
can enhance or diminish this potential?<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">  </span></span></p>

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;
mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol" lang="EN-GB"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">        
</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB">Online
education’s colonialization and resulting potential for cultural
homogenization.<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">  </span>Transplanting developed
regions’ educational models and resources to other cultures may cause the
latter (colonialized) to resemble the former (colonial).<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">  </span>What are the trade-offs?<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">  </span>What strategies are used to resist this
colonialization and homogenization?<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">  </span></span></p>

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;
mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol" lang="EN-GB"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">        
</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB">Gender
issues—Are women more highly represented as online students and faculty? Why or
why not?<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">  </span>What are the political and
performance implications? </span></p>

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;
mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol" lang="EN-GB"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">        
</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB">Diversity
issues – Are people of color more highly represented as online students and
faculty?<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">  </span>If so, why? Are there empirical
differences in their success in either venue?<span style="mso-spacerun:yes"> 
</span>Are folks of different ages more or less highly represented in online
venues, why, and what factors might explain this differential representation
and success?</span></p>

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;
mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol" lang="EN-GB"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">        
</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB">Political
issues associated with globalization and online learning</span></p>

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;
mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol" lang="EN-GB"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">        
</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB">Religious
issues associated with online learning, possibly combined with globalization and
gender aspects.</span></p>

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;
mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol" lang="EN-GB"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">        
</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB">Virtual
education workers’ political issues in dealing with each other, with
supervisors and subordinates.<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">  </span>What
happens when information is un-bundled from people and places, and flows more
freely?<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">  </span>Who wins and who loses?<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">  </span>What political games inhibit and lubricate
these information flows?</span></p>

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;
mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol" lang="EN-GB"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">·<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">        
</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB">Politics
of Open Source materials –Who owns, who uses, who benefits, who loses, who
controls, …these resources?</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB"> </span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:150%"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB"> </span></b></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:150%"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB">SUBMISSION PROCEDURE: </span></b></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black" lang="EN-GB">Researchers from any field of enquiry that deals with the politics
of online education broadly defined are invited to submit papers for this themed
issue. All submissions are due by<b><i> May 15, 2015.</i></b><br>
 <br>
<b>All queries to Special Issue Editor</b></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold" lang="EN-GB">Kristina Setzekorn</span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-weight:bold" lang="EN-GB"> </span></span><span lang="EN-GB"><a href="mailto:ksetzekorn@kaplan.edu"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">ksetzekorn@kaplan.edu</span></a></span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-weight:bold" lang="EN-GB">, </span></span><span class="MsoHyperlink"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:windowtext;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold;
text-decoration:none;text-underline:none" lang="EN-GB">School of Business and Information Technology,
Kaplan University</span></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-weight:bold" lang="EN-GB"></span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:150%"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black" lang="EN-GB"> </span></b></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:150%"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black" lang="EN-GB">Full papers to be submitted electronically (please reference this
special issue -Political Aspects of Online Education- at the beginning of your
manuscript, so it can be sent to the appropriate editor) to: </span></b><span lang="EN-GB"><a href="http://www.igi-global.com/IJEP/"><span style="font-size:
12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";background:white">http://www.igi-global.com/IJEP/</span></a></span><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black" lang="EN-GB"></span></b></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black" lang="EN-GB"> </span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:150%"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black" lang="EN-GB">Editors-in-Chief:
</span></b></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black" lang="EN-GB">Celia Romm Livermore, School of Business Administration, Wayne
State University, Detroit, USA</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black" lang="EN-GB">Yasmin Ibrahim, School of Business and Management, Queen Mary,
University of London.</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black" lang="EN-GB"> </span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black" lang="EN-GB">Published: Quarterly (both in Print and Electronic form)<br>
 <br>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal">PUBLISHER:<br>
</b>The International Journal of E-Politics is published by IGI Global
(formerly Idea Group Inc.), publisher of the “Information Science Reference”
(formerly Idea Group Reference) and “Medical Information Science Reference”
imprints. For additional information regarding the publisher, please visit </span><span lang="EN-GB"><a href="http://www.igi-global.com"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">www.igi-global.com</span></a></span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black" lang="EN-GB">. </span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0in;text-indent:0in;line-height:150%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black" lang="EN-GB"> </span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0in;text-align:center;
text-indent:0in;line-height:150%" align="center"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black" lang="EN-GB">REFERENCES:</span></b></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.5in;line-height:200%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:200%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black" lang="EN-GB">Seely Brown, J. and Adler, R.P. (2008). Open education, the long
tail, and learning 2.0.<i>Educause review</i>, <i>43</i>(1), 16-20.</span></p>

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.5in;line-height:200%"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:200%;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:black" lang="EN-GB">Smith, P. (2014), The coming era of personalized learning paths. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">Educause review</i>, 49(6), </span><a name="_GoBack"></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:200%;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"" lang="EN-GB"></span></p>

<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
 <w:WordDocument>
  <w:View>Normal</w:View>
  <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
  <w:TrackMoves/>
  <w:TrackFormatting/>
  <w:PunctuationKerning/>
  <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
  <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
  <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
  <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
  <w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
  <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
  <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
  <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
  <w:Compatibility>
   <w:BreakWrappedTables/>
   <w:SnapToGridInCell/>
   <w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
   <w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
   <w:DontGrowAutofit/>
   <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
   <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/>
   <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/>
   <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/>
   <w:Word11KerningPairs/>
   <w:CachedColBalance/>
  </w:Compatibility>
  <m:mathPr>
   <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
   <m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
   <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
   <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
   <m:dispDef/>
   <m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
   <m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
   <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
   <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
   <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
   <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
  </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
 <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
  DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
  LatentStyleCount="267">
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
   UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
 </w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
 /* Style Definitions */
 table.MsoNormalTable
        {mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
        mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
        mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
        mso-style-noshow:yes;
        mso-style-priority:99;
        mso-style-qformat:yes;
        mso-style-parent:"";
        mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
        mso-para-margin-top:0in;
        mso-para-margin-right:0in;
        mso-para-margin-bottom:0in;
        mso-para-margin-left:53.55pt;
        mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
        text-indent:-17.85pt;
        mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
        font-size:11.0pt;
        font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
        mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
        mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
        mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
        mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
        mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;}
</style>
<![endif]--><br><br><div><span name="x"></span><span style="background-color: rgb(67, 237, 237);">Celia Romm Livermore (PhD)<br>Co-Editor-in-Chief (with Dr. Yasmin Ibrahim)<br>International Journal of E-Politics (IJEP)<br>School of Business Administration<br>Wayne State University - Detroit, MI, 48202, USA<br>IJEP site: www.igi-global.com/IJEP</span><span name="x"></span><br></div></div></body></html>